Consumer Help guide

Make a small claim against a trader

Prepare and start a small claim in court when a trader will not settle a consumer dispute, from the letter before claim to mediation and the hearing.

Estimated time: 3–6 hours spread over several weeksUpdated: 28 September 2026

Use this guide only after you have complained to the trader and tried any ombudsman or ADR scheme available. It describes the process in England and Wales; Scotland uses the simple procedure and Northern Ireland has its own small claims process, so check the right one for you. Have your full evidence file ready.

Step by step

  1. Decide whether a claim is worth it

    Check the trader is still in business and appears to have money or assets, because winning does not guarantee payment. Check the current small claims limit and court fees on GOV.UK. Speak to Citizens Advice if you are unsure whether you have a strong case.

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